Pelvic Organ Prolapse

Pelvic organ prolapse is a common condition that occurs when the muscles and connective tissues supporting the pelvic organs weaken or stretch. This can allow organs such as the bladder, uterus, or rectum to shift downward and press into the vaginal wall. At Complete Care ObGyn, we offer comprehensive evaluation and individualized treatment to help restore comfort, function, and confidence.

Although pelvic organ prolapse is not life-threatening, it can significantly affect daily activities, bladder and bowel function, and intimacy. Effective treatment options are available at every stage.

What Is Pelvic Organ Prolapse?

Pelvic organ prolapse develops when the pelvic floor loses strength and support. As a result, one or more pelvic organs move out of their normal position.

Common types of prolapse include:

• Cystocele: Bladder prolapse into the front vaginal wall
• Rectocele: Rectum pressing into the back vaginal wall
• Uterine prolapse: Descent of the uterus into the vagina
• Vaginal vault prolapse: Dropping of the vaginal apex, usually after hysterectomy
• Enterocele: Small intestine pushing into the upper vaginal wall

Some patients experience more than one type at the same time.

Common Symptoms

Symptoms vary based on severity and the organs involved. You may notice:

• Pelvic pressure or heaviness
• A visible or felt bulge in the vaginal area
• A sensation of something falling out of the vagina
• Urinary leakage or difficulty emptying the bladder
• Frequent urinary tract infections
• Constipation or incomplete bowel movements
• Discomfort during intercourse
• Lower back or pelvic aching

Symptoms often worsen with standing, lifting, or prolonged activity and improve when lying down.

Causes and Risk Factors

Pelvic organ prolapse typically results from increased pressure combined with weakened pelvic support. Risk factors include:

• Vaginal childbirth, especially multiple or complicated deliveries
• Aging and menopause, related to decreased estrogen levels
• Chronic coughing, constipation, or heavy lifting
• Obesity
• Genetic predisposition
• Prior pelvic surgery, including hysterectomy

While prolapse becomes more common with age, it is not an inevitable part of aging and can be treated at any stage.

When to See a Provider

You should schedule an evaluation if you experience:

• Pelvic pressure or a vaginal bulge
• Changes in bladder or bowel function
• Pain or discomfort with intimacy
• Worsening symptoms over time

Early evaluation allows for more treatment options and better symptom control.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis begins with a pelvic exam to assess the type and severity of prolapse. Additional testing may include:

• Urinalysis or bladder function testing
• Pelvic ultrasound
• MRI for complex cases or surgical planning

Your provider will also discuss symptom onset, lifestyle factors, and treatment goals.

Treatment Options

Treatment is tailored to your symptoms, health history, and future plans.

Conservative options may include:

• Pelvic floor physical therapy
• Pessary device for organ support
• Lifestyle modifications, including weight management and constipation treatment
• Topical vaginal estrogen for postmenopausal tissue support

Surgical options may be recommended when needed:

• Vaginal or laparoscopic repair of prolapsed organs
• Uterine suspension or hysterectomy for uterine prolapse
• Mesh procedures in select cases, following current safety guidelines

Compassionate Care for Pelvic Health

Pelvic organ prolapse is common and highly treatable. Whether symptoms are mild or advanced, our team focuses on restoring comfort and quality of life with respectful, individualized care.

Schedule an appointment to discuss pelvic organ prolapse treatment options and take the first step toward lasting relief.